Windows 2019, Windows 2022 by default has got port available from 49152 to 65535 - available 16384 ports. On another server I've got the same issue - no connection to domain controller or to different server, connections reamains intact, I can connect to server remotely - by C$ or by some ports, on server I can't establish new rdp connection with message that there are no available domain controllers, gpupdate is not working, zabbix monitoring is not working, but... after change of available ports by expanding range to 32768-65535 magically everything start works.
netsh intreface ipv4 tcp set dynamicportrange
